4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID
4-Aminobutyric acid
CAS: 56-12-2
Molecular Formula: C4H9NO2
4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID - Names and Identifiers
| Name | 4-Aminobutyric acid |
| Synonyms | Gaba aurora ka-1053 AURORA KA-1053 piperidic acid piperidinic acid 4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID 4-Aminobutyric acid γ-aminobutyric acid aminobutyric-4 acid AMINOBUTYRIC-4 ACID 4-amino butyric acid 4-AMINOBUTANOIC ACID 4-aminobutanoic acid h-4-aminobutyric acid AMINOBUTYRIC ACID, 4- H-4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID aminobutyric acid, 4- 4-AMINO-N-BUTYRIC ACID 4-amino-n-butyric acid gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma aminobutyric acid ALPHA-AMINOBUTANOIC ACID gamma.-aminobutyric acid alpha-aminobutanoic acid |
| CAS | 56-12-2 |
| EINECS | 200-258-6 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C4H9NO2/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h1-3,5H2,(H,6,7) |
| InChIKey | BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C4H9NO2 |
| Molar Mass | 103.12 |
| Density | 1.2300 (estimate) |
| Melting Point | 195 °C (dec.) (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 248.0±23.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Flash Point | 103.8°C |
| JECFA Number | 1771 |
| Water Solubility | SOLUBLE |
| Solubility | Easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in hot ethanol, insoluble in cold ethanol, ether and benzene |
| Vapor Presure | 0.00798mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | White crystal |
| Color | White to almost white |
| Merck | 14,430 |
| BRN | 906818 |
| pKa | 4.031(at 25℃) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.4650 (estimate) |
| MDL | MFCD00008226 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Appearance: white or off-white crystalline powder, with slightly odor and slightly bitter taste. |
| Use | Can reduce blood ammonia, promote brain metabolism. For the treatment of various types of liver Coma, also used for brain stroke sequelae, cerebral arteriosclerosis, head trauma sequelae and uremia, gas poisoning caused by Coma. |
4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | ES6300000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29224995 |
| Hazard Note | Irritant |
4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
- This product is white or almost white crystalline powder, slightly odorous, and has strong hygroscopicity. This product is easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in hot ethanol, insoluble in other organic solvents. Melting point 197~203 °c (decomposition).
- It is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It is very high in the brain and plays an important role in the energy metabolism of the brain, promotes the biosynthesis of acetylcholine, reduces blood ammonia, restores brain cell function, enhances the activity of glucose phosphatase.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID - Application
Open Data Verified Data
- it is clinically used for memory disorder, language disorder, one-sidedness paralysis caused by hepatic coma and cerebrovascular disorder, as well as sequelae of traumatic brain injury, infantile spasm and epilepsy. Treatment of hepatic coma convulsions, agitation effect is better.
- usage and dose of intravenous drip, 1~4G each time, mixed with 5% glucose solution 500mL, slowly drip, 2~3 hours drip. Oral, each lg, 3 to 4 times a day.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
mice were injected with LD50 4~5g/kg. Gastrointestinal dysfunction, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Head Pain, Fever. High-dose or injection speed may appear lower blood pressure, respiratory depression, muscle weakness, movement disorders. Infusion process has adverse reactions, should be immediately discontinued
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:10:34
4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID - Reference Information
| FEMA | 4288 | 4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Overview | gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), chemical name: 4-aminobutyric acid; Alias: Gamma-aminobutyric acid, aminobutyric acid, pipecolic acid, widely distributed in animals and plants. Plants such as bean, ginseng, Chinese herbal medicine seeds, rhizomes and tissue fluid contain gamma-aminobutyric acid. In animals, GABA is almost exclusively found in neural tissue, where the content in brain tissue is about 0.1-0.6mg/g tissue, and immunological studies have shown that the region with the highest concentration is the substantia nigra in the brain. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter, which is involved in a variety of metabolic activities and has high physiological activity. |
| source distribution | γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a natural active ingredient widely distributed in animals and plants. Plants such as bean, ginseng, Chinese herbal medicine seeds, rhizomes and tissue fluid contain gamma-aminobutyric acid. In animals, gamma-aminobutyric acid almost only exists in nerve tissue, the content of brain tissue is about 0.1~0.6mg/g tissue, immunological studies have shown that, the region with the highest concentration is the substantia nigra in the brain. |
| physiological function | γ-aminobutyric acid is a strong nerve inhibitory amino acid, with sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, physiological Role of lowering blood pressure. It is an Inhibitory Neurotransmitter, which can inhibit the activity of animals and reduce the consumption of energy. GABA acts on the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor in animal cells, which is a chloride channel. The inhibition or excitability of γ-aminobutyric acid depends on the concentration of chloride ions inside and outside the cell membrane, gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor is activated, leading to the opening of chloride channels, can increase the cell membrane permeability of chloride ions, so that chloride ions into the nerve cells, causing cell membrane hyperpolarization, inhibition of nerve cell activation, thereby reducing the amount of exercise of the animal. |
| preparation | is usually prepared by ring opening of pyrrolidone. The quicklime is digested with distilled water to form a milk of lime, and is pumped into a hydrolysis reaction kettle. Pyrrolidone is added, the temperature is raised to 125~130 ℃, the reaction pressure is maintained at 0.29MPa, and the heat preservation reaction is over 10~14H. After completion of the reaction, the temperature was lowered to 30 ° C., and the mixture was filtered and washed with distilled water. Ammonium bicarbonate was added to the filtrate until no calcium ions were detected. Activated Carbon was added to decolor at 80 ℃ for 30min, filtered at 60 ℃ and washed with distilled water, ethanol was added, cooled, filtered and dried to obtain a finished product with a yield of more than 85%. |
| consumption | ≤ 500 mg/day |
| applicable food category | scope of use: beverages, cocoa products, chocolate and chocolate products, candy, baked food, puffed food, excluding foods for infants and young children. |
| approval date | 2009-09-27 |
| Announcement No. | |
| announcement title | Announcement of Ministry of Health on approval of gamma-aminobutyric acid and other six substances as new resource food |
| Trait | white or light yellow powder |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid | ≥20% |
| Moisture | ≤10% |
| Ash | ≤18% |
| Use | used in biochemical research, medicine for the treatment of various diseases caused by hepatic coma and cerebrovascular disorders. pharmaceutical intermediates. 4-aminobutyric acid has a lipid-lowering effect suitable for the treatment and prevention of various types of hepatic coma. Treatment of polio, cerebral hemorrhage, and can be used as a gas poisoning antidote. It is also used in biochemical research and organic synthesis. can reduce blood ammonia, promote brain metabolism. For the treatment of various types of liver Coma, also used for brain stroke sequelae, cerebral arteriosclerosis, head trauma sequelae and uremia, gas poisoning caused by Coma. major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain; GABAA and GABAB receptor agonists; Increased Cl − conductance. |
| production method | there are synthesis and fermentation methods. Synthesis of pyrrolidone by ring-opening. The quicklime is digested with distilled water into a milk of lime, which is pumped into a hydrolysis reactor, pyrrolidone is added, the temperature is raised to 125-130 ℃, the reaction pressure is maintained at 0.29MPa, and the heat preservation reaction is over 10-14H. After completion of the reaction, the temperature was lowered to 30 ° C., and the mixture was filtered and washed with distilled water. Ammonium bicarbonate was added to the filtrate until no calcium ions were detected. Activated Carbon was added to decolor at 80 ℃ for 30min, filtered at 60 ℃ and washed with distilled water, ethanol was added, cooled, filtered and dried to obtain a finished product with a yield of more than 85%. 2. The fermentation method uses E. Coli as a strain. The fermentation medium was wheat bran hydrolysate, corn steep liquor, peptone, magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride, etc. Soybean oil was used as the antifoaming agent, the dosage was about 0.1%, and the fermentation unit was about 100 enzyme units/ml fermentation broth. In the extraction process, the use of E. Coli decarboxylase, L-glutamic acid into gamma-aminobutyric acid in aqueous solution can be dissociated into cation characteristics, strong acid styrene cation exchange resin was used for ion exchange, ammonia elution, extraction, resin purification, concentration, crystallization and drying to obtain the finished product. The product was refined by heating the reaction with potassium phthalimide and γ-chlorobutyronitrile and treating the product with sulfuric acid. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:48:19
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View History
4-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID
BTPPCl
HSDB 6478
13775-80-9
D-FRUCTOSE 1-PHOSPHATE SODIUM
Maoecrystal
BOC-L-2-Methylphe
Fosamsx
403-18-9
1074-98-2
BTPPCl
HSDB 6478
13775-80-9
D-FRUCTOSE 1-PHOSPHATE SODIUM
Maoecrystal
BOC-L-2-Methylphe
Fosamsx
403-18-9
1074-98-2